Theme 1 of 5

Principles and values of the Republic

This theme covers what the Republic states about itself: the motto "Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité", the official symbols (flag, anthem, Marianne, 14 July), the language of the Republic and above all laïcité, the principle governing relations between the State and religions. Questions check that you can recognise these markers and understand what they mean in concrete situations: at school, in a public service, when expressing opinions.

62 of the published official questions cover this theme. They are grouped below by sub-topic and then by the ministry's official fact sheet, in syllabus order. The number of questions per theme on exam day is not published.